India’s National Sport
印度的全國運動
語音播放：

The story of how cricket came to be India’s favorite sport is tied to the country’s colonial history. British rule in India lasted from 1757 to 1947, nearly 200 years, and so it comes as no surprise that the British had a major cultural influence on India.

英式板球如何成為印度人最喜愛的運動與其殖民歷史有關。英國人在1757年到1947年間統治英國，將近兩百年之久，我們也不訝異英國對印度文化的影響甚鉅。

語音播放：

Cricket is a bat-and-ball game with the same basic concept as baseball, but with different rules, number of players, size of field, terminology, and equipment. It can be traced back to the early 16th century in England, and around the time that the British were colonizing India, it was immensely popular in England. There are accounts of British merchants playing cricket in India as early as 1721, but the first official club was not set up until 1792 in Calcutta. However, membership was restricted to Europeans in the early days.

板球和棒球的概念是相同的，也是拿著棒子和拿著球，但規則、球員人數、球場大小、專業用語以及配備卻有所不同。板球歷史可追朔到英國16世紀早期，大約是英國殖民印度的時期，板球在英國大受歡迎。紀錄顯示最早在1721年有英國商人在印度打板球，但第一座官方俱樂部一直到1792年才在加爾各答成立。然而，初期的會員只限歐洲人參加。

Bombay was the city where Indians first started playing the game, and in 1848 they established their own club. In 1886 the first all-India team went to England to compete, but they only won 1 game out of 28. The first time that an Indian team beat a European team on Indian soil came three years later, sparking pride and cricket fervor across the nation.

孟買賽事是第一場有印度人參賽，在1848年，他們也成立了自己的板球俱樂部。1886年，第一次印度隊與英國隊開打，但28場賽事中印度隊只贏得一場。三年後印度隊首度在自己的土地上打贏英國隊，點燃了全國的驕傲及對板球的熱忱。

語音播放：

In the early 20th century, India joined the ranks of England, Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand on the international cricket scene, and in 2011 India won the Cricket World Cup. Great cricket players achieve fame and status. If you travel to India, you can see kids playing cricket in the streets all over the country, even in the smallest, poorest villages. The whole country truly loves this sport.

20世紀早期，印度加入英國、澳洲、南非及紐西蘭的行列也在國際板球賽事露臉，2011年印度贏得板球世界盃。厲害的板球球員名利雙收。假如你去印度旅行，你可以看見即便是在貧窮的小村莊也可以看到處處都有小孩在街上打板球。這整個國家真的很熱愛這項運動。

Vocabulary 好字精選

1. colonial (adj) related to colonization  殖民的，殖民地的，(生)集群的，群體的
In colonial times, Australia was where England sent many of their prisoners. 
殖民時期，澳洲曾是英國遣送他們的牢犯的地方。

2. terminology (n) a group of terms used in a certain subject (term = countable, terminology = uncountable)  專業詞藻，專業術語
Keith didn’t understand a lot of the terminology that the players were using during the game because he had never played it before.      
Keith不瞭解球員在比賽中使用的專業術語，因為他以前沒有打過比賽。

3. immensely (adv) extremely  廣大地，極度地
The students found the exam immensely difficult. 
學生們覺得考試極為困難。

4. merchant (n) a person involved in trade in historical times  商人，零售商
Islam was brought to several parts of Southeast Asia by Arabic merchants.
阿拉伯商人將伊斯蘭教(回教)傳到東南亞幾個地區。

5. membership (n) the fact of being a member  會員資格
Membership in our swimming club is free. 
我們游泳俱樂部的會員資格是免費的。

6. spark (v) ignite, start, cause  點燃，激勵鼓舞
The president’s comment sparked protests in the streets.
總統的評論使街上的抗議人群起激憤。

7. fervor (n) intense passion and excitement  熱情，熱忱
World Cup fervor spreads around the world once every four years.
對世界盃的狂熱每四年一次散播到世界各地。

Phrases and Sentence Patterns 句型解析

1. tied to (phr) connected to  與…相關
Jim’s decision to quit is tied to his low wage.
Jim決定要離職的原因與他的低薪有關。

2. it comes as no surprise that (phr) it is not surprising that  毫不訝異
It came as no surprise that Jennie forgot my birthday. She always does. 
我毫不訝異Jennie忘記我的生日。她總是忘記。

3. join the ranks of (phr) to join a group, usually in a high/respected position  加入行列
Mark Zuckerberg has joined the ranks of Bill Gates and Warren Buffet as one of the richest people in America.
Mark Zuckerberg(馬克祖柏格)加入Bill Gates(比爾蓋茲)和Warren Buffet(華倫巴菲特)的行列成為美國最有錢的人之一。

Exercise 課後練習題

1. The Japanese era, or Japanese ______________ period, lasted from 1895 to 1945 in Taiwan.
日本時代(或)日據時代從1895年到1945年統治台灣。

2. You will need to memorize some ____________ related to the job as part of your training.
你在訓練期間要記住一些與工作相關的專業用字。

3. The audience became _______________ excited when the team captain scored the final goal.
當隊長贏得最後一球時，觀眾變得極度興奮。

4. ______________ traveled the ancient silk road trading a wide variety of supplies.
商人在古絲路旅行，利用各種不同的生活必需品做生意。

5. ______________ in this yoga studio is only open to adults.
這間瑜珈教室的會員只限成人參加。

6. News of the school bus crash ______________ concern among all the parents.
學校的校車發生車禍的新聞激起所有的家長的關切。

7. Lady Gaga _______________ erupted again after her phenomenal performance at the 2017 Superbowl.
看完Lady Gaga在2017的超級盃上精湛的演出後，大眾對她的熱情再度被點燃。

8. The recent war in East Africa is _____________ water shortages.
東非最近發生的戰爭與水資源缺乏有關。

9. ____________ that Northern Europeans find the weather too hot in tropical Southeast Asia.
北歐人覺得處於熱帶的東南亞氣候過於太熱這件事令人毫不驚訝。

10. Patty ______________ her former superiors when she was promoted to branch manager.
當Patty升職當上分部經理時，她加入她的前任主管的行列。

解答：
1.colonial
2.terminology
3.immensely
4.Merchants
5.Membership
6.sparked
7.fervor
8.tied to
9.It comes as no surprise
10.joined the ranks of

Comprehension Questions 閱讀理解

1. When did Indian people first start playing cricket?
a. 1792.
b. Between 1792 and 1848.
c. 1848.
d. Between 1848 and 1886.

2. Which of the following is NOT true about cricket in India today?
a. It is played by people from all levels of society.
b. India has some of the world’s best cricket players.
c. Some Indian cricket players are very famous.
d. India regularly wins the Cricket World Cup.

解答：
1. 印度人民何時開始打板球？
a. 1792
b. 在1792到1848之間。
c. 1848
d. 在1848到1886之間。

2. 以下關於現代的印度板球的敘述，何者正確？
a. 社會上各個階層的人都在打板球。
b. 世界上最佳的板球員有些在印度。
c. 有些印度板球球員非常有名。
d. 印度經常贏得板球世界盃的比賽。

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